Linux Commands
Basic Linux Commands:
# Basic Linux Commands
tool --help # Show Help Menu
man tool # Show Manual of a command/tool
whatis tool # Show one line manual of a tool
apropos <crack> # Know the usage, not the tool
rm file # Remove file
rm -r Directory # Remove Directory
mkdir # Make Directory
cp file # Copy file
cp -r directory # Copy Directory
ifconfig # Show IP configurations
ip a # Show IP
echo "Text" # Show Text
nano file.txt # Make and edit file
cat file.txt # Show File Content In the Terminal
sudo adduser # Add User
su - ahmed # Switch to user Ahmed
passwd # Password Change
sudo updatedb # Update Database
locate flag.txt # Find File Location
find . -name flag.txt # Find File Named Flag.txt in the current directory
history # Show all run commands
!<command_id> # Run command from history
!! # Run the last command
CTRL+r # Do (reverse-i-search)`': to search for a command used earlier
sudo service <service_name> <command> # Manage Service using service command
sudo systemctl <cmd> <service_name> # Manage Service using systemctl command
sudo systemctl list-unit-files # List unit files
sudo service <service_name> status # Show the status of Services
apt update # Update Kali installed tools and Database
apt upgrade # Upgrade Kali installed tools
apt-cache search <tool> # Search For a tool before install
apt show <tool> # Show Tool Description before install
sudo apt install <tool> # Install application
sudo apt remove <tool> # Remove application
apt remove --purge <tool> # Remove Configuration File
dpkg -i <APP> # Install application Package
export H=h0tak88r # Define variable for all sessions
h=h0tak88r # Define variable for this session only
unset [VARIABLE_NAME] # Unset variable
sudo nano ~/.bashrc # Set permanent environment variables in .bashrc
export [VARIABLE_NAME]=[variable_value] # Add this line to the .bashrc file
source ~/.bashrc # Update the file source
echo "lol" > lol.txt # Save word "lol" in a new file lol.txt
echo "lol" >> lol.txt # Add to file data
cat < lol.txt # Read from lol.txt as STDIN
ls -l > lol.txt 2> lol2.txt # Save output in lol.txt and errors in lol2.txt
cat file.txt | tee lol # Show output and save in lol
xargs # For arguments
ls | xargs rm # Do ls and rm all files
grep "lol" lol.txt # Search for word "lol" in file "lol.txt"
grep -i "lol" lol.txt # Ignore case sensitivity
cat file.txt | grep "pass\\|password\\|admin" # Grep multiple words
cat file.txt | grep [0-9] # Grep range from 0 to 9
cat file.txt | grep ^lol # Grep lines starting with word "lol"
cat file.txt | grep ^l.....m # Grep lines starting with "l" and the 7th letter is "m"
cat file.txt | grep ^[a-f] # Grep lines that start with any character in the range from "a" to "f"
alias l='ls -lah' # Create aliases
# Stream Editor (sed)
sed # Stream Editor
sed 's/password/hacked/' lol.txt # Edit the first word in each line matching "password" to "hacked"
sed 's/password/hacked/g' lol.txt # Edit every word matching "password" to "hacked"
# File Manipulation
split -l 100 lol.txt new_ # Split every 100 lines into new files
head -n 100 rockyou.txt # Show the first 100 lines of file "rockyou.txt"
tail -n 100 rockyou.txt # Show the last 100 lines of file "rockyou.txt"
cut Emails-pass.txt | cut -d ":" -f 1 # Cut by ":" and print the first line before it
cat lol.txt | awk '{print $1,$3}' # Show the 1st and 3rd columns of a file
cat lol.txt | awk '{if ($1~/Password/) print}' # Print lines with the first column containing the word "Password"
# File Comparison and Manipulation
comm file1 file2 # Compare between 2 Files
# Background Processes and Job Control
sleep 1000& # Run process in the background
ps aux # Show active processes (similar to Task Manager in Windows)
jobs # Show running background commands
fg %1 # Bring the process with ID 1 to the foreground
CTRL+Z # Stop the current process
bg %1 # Restart the background process with ID 1
nohup <command> # Run the process even when you close the terminal and save output to nohup.txt
disown %1 # Disown the process with ID 1
kill <id> # Kill a process
kill -9 <id> # Forcefully kill a process and close this session
# Package Management
inxi --disk # Check Disk Capacity
upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT1 # Check Battery Details
sudo dpkg -i Xmind-for-Linux-amd64bit-23.09.11172-202310122350.deb # Install Package
sudo dpkg -r xmind-vana # Uninstall Package
sudo dpkg -l # List Installed Packages
# Send File to Discord using Webhook
cat results.txt | curl -X POST -F "file=@-" "https://discord.com/api/webhooks/your_webhook_url"
# Send File to Telegram using Webhook
cat results.txt | curl -X POST -F "document=@-" "https://api.telegram.org/bot<your_bot_token>/sendDocument" -F "chat_id=<your_chat_id>"
#Decompress
tar -xvzf /path/to/yourfile.tgz
tar -xvjf /path/to/yourfile.tbz
bzip2 -d /path/to/yourfile.bz2
tar jxf file.tar.bz2
gunzip /path/to/yourfile.gz
unzip file.zip
7z -x file.7z
sudo apt-get install xz-utils; unxz file.xz
#Add new user
useradd -p 'openssl passwd -1 <Password>' hacker
#Clipboard
xclip -sel c < cat file.txt
# Shell Navigation Shortcuts
CTRL-z # Sleep program
CTRL-a # Go to the start of the line
CTRL-e # Go to the end of the line
CTRL-u # Cut from the start of the line
CTRL-k # Cut to the end of the line
CTRL-r # Search history
!! # Repeat the last command
!abc # Run the last command starting with "abc"
# Environment Variables
env # Show environment variables
echo $NAME # Output the value of $NAME variable
export NAME=value # Set $NAME to a value
$PATH # Executable search path
$HOME # Home directory
$SHELL # Current shell
# I/O Redirection
cmd 2> file # Redirect error output (stderr) of cmd to file
cmd 1>&2 # Redirect stdout to the same place as stderr
cmd 2>&1 # Redirect stderr to the same place as stdout
cmd &> file # Redirect every output of cmd to file
cmd 2> /dev/null # Redirect STDERR to /dev/null
# Process Monitoring
ps aux # Show active processes
watch <command> # Watch the process or command output every 2 seconds
# History Management
export HISTIGNORE="&::ls:exit:clear:history" # Ignore certain commands from history recordsLast updated